杨 波,李建国,张鑫奎.考虑负荷均衡的立体车库搬运器待命位设计[J].深圳大学学报理工版,2022,39(02):223-229.[doi:10.3724/SP.J.1249.2022.02223]
YANG Bo,LI Jianguo,ZHANG Xinkui.The dwell point design of stereo garage conveyer considering load balance[J].Journal of Shenzhen University Science and Engineering,2022,39(02):223-229.[doi:10.3724/SP.J.1249.2022.02223]
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考虑负荷均衡的立体车库搬运器待命位设计
杨 波，李建国，张鑫奎

兰州交通大学自动化与电气工程学院，甘肃兰州730070

交通运输工程;立体车库;负荷均衡;人工蜂群算法;待命位策略;运行效率

The dwell point design of stereo garage conveyer considering load balance
YANG Bo，LI Jianguo，ZHANG Xinkui

School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou730070, Gansu Province, P. R. China

transport engineering; stereo garage; load balancing; artificial bee colony algorithm; dwell point policy; operation efficiency

DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1249.2022.02223

备注

利用顾客到达过程的非齐次特性及车库内停留时长特性，预测车库空闲时段搬运器下一存（取）车任务的待命位置，完成待命位策略设计．建立车库调度模型并增加能耗权重系数，应用人工蜂群算法完成设计待命位策略优化，实现各搬运器负荷均衡．仿真结果表明，设计待命位策略较原地待命策略的顾客平均等待时间及搬运器平均服务时间分别减少20.2%及62.7%，设计策略有效；未优化设计策略与原地待命策略的负荷均衡标准差均高达50以上，表现为负荷不均衡；优化设计策略在搬运器总能耗及顾客等待时间分别增加约8.6%和8.0%基础上，负荷均衡标准差值下降约98%．所设计负荷均衡待命位策略为改善立体车库（仓库）系统搬运器负荷均衡提供了新思路．
By using the non-homogeneous characteristics of the customer arrival process and the characteristics of duration of stay in the garage, we predict the possible standby position of the vehicle conveyer for the next parking or pick-up task during the idle period of the garage and accomplish the design of the dwell point policy. By establishing a garage scheduling model and increasing the weight coefficient of energy consumption, we use the artificial colony algorithm to complete the optimization of the dwell point design policy to realize the load balance of each conveyer. The simulation results show that the average waiting time of customers and the average service time of conveyers are reduced by 20. 2% and 62. 7%, respectively, which indicates the effectiveness of the design strategy compared with the in-place standby strategy. The standard deviations of load balance of the non-optimized design strategy and the in-place standby strategy are both as high as 50 or more, which shows that the load is unbalanced; on the basis of the total energy consumption of conveyers and customer waiting time increased by 8. 6% and 8. 0%, respectively, the standard deviation of load balancing decreases by 98% for the optimized design strategy. The designed dwell point policy provides a new idea for improving the load balance of conveyer in stereo garage or warehouse system.
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