严寒区域中深层地热井套管换热影响因素分析

1.辽宁工程技术大学土木工程学院,辽宁阜新123009;2.中国建筑科学研究院地基基础研究所,北京100013;3.辽宁工程技术大学建筑与交通学院,辽宁阜新123009;4.吉林省吉岩能源科学技术研究有限公司,吉林长春130102;5.吉林省陆特堃喆能源科技有限公司,吉林长春130102;6.长春高新建设开发有限公司,吉林长春130102

岩土工程;中深层地热井;数值传热模型;严寒区域;换热量;换热器出口温度

Analysis of influence factors of casing heat transfer in middle-deep geothermal wells in severe cold region
QI Xupeng1,2,YI Fu3,JIN Hongsong4,5,MENG Fankang1,YU Huize6,BAI Wenming5,BAO Hanbo4,5

1.School of Civil Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123009, Liaoning Province, P. R. China; 2.Institute of Foundation Engineering, China Academy of Building Research, Beijing 100013, P. R. China; 3.College of Architecture and Transportation, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123009, Liaoning Province, P. R. China; 4.Jilin Geotechnical Energy Science and Technology Research Co. Ltd. , Changchun 130102, Jilin Province, P. R. China; 5.Jilin Loopmaster Kunzhe Energy Technology Co. Ltd. , Changchun 130102, Jilin Province, P. R. China; 6.Changchun High New Technology Building Development Inc. , Changchun 130102, Jilin Province, P. R. China

geotechnical engineering;middle-deep geothermal wells;numerical heat transfer model;severe cold region;heat exchange;heat exchanger outlet temperature

DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1249.2022.01042

备注

中深层同轴套管换热技术通过套管内部流体循环达到提取地下深层地热能的目的.由于换热器出口温度高,是严寒地区建筑物冬季采暖热源的良好选择.通过对同轴套管与源侧岩土体传热过程的分析,基于标准κ-ε模型,采用Simple压力速度求解方法,建立流热固耦合二维非稳态数值传热模型.研究结果表明,由于中国长春冬季寒冷,热泵运行期间,浅部地层温度低于换热器进口流体温度,地面向下3.9m范围岩土体呈热源漏斗,随着地层深度增加,逐渐转变为热汇漏斗.热泵运行第1周,换热器出口温度及换热量迅速降低,运行1个月后趋于平稳,整个供暖周期内,地埋管出口温度单位时间下降幅度越来越小,出口温度与时间之间的关系呈幂函数形式递减趋势.随着固井水泥导热系数增加,换热量增加,当固井水泥导热系数大于岩土体后趋于稳定.内管导热系数增大,热短路现象严重,换热器出口温度及换热量降低.在热泵机组24h开启和停止时间之比(启停比)分别为16h∶8h、12h∶12h和8h∶16h时,换热器出口温度和换热量呈不规则变化,但整体呈逐渐降低趋势.热泵停止运行时间越长,源侧岩土体温度恢复越佳,再次开启时出口温度和换热量越大.通过数值模型分析可以得到套管换热器各影响因素的变化规律.
The medium and deep coaxial casing heat exchange technology uses the fluid circulation inside the casing to improve the deep geothermal energy. Due to the high outlet temperature at the source side,it is a good choice for the heat source of buildings in severe cold areas in winter. We establish a two-dimensional unsteady numerical heat transfer model of fluid-thermal-structure coupling based on standard κ-ε model and Simple pressure velocity solution method by analyzing the heat transfer process between coaxial casing and rock mass at source side. According to the climate and stratum characteristics of Changchun City,we analyze the heat transfer performance of heat exchanger and rock and soil mass in full heating cycle by simulation. The results show that due to the cold winter in Changchun City,during the operation of the heat pump,the shallow formation temperature is lower than the fluid temperature at the inlet of the heat exchanger,and the rock and soil within 3.9 m below the ground is a heat source funnel,which gradually changes into a heat sink funnel with the increase of formation depth. In the first week of operation of the heat pump,the outlet temperature and heat exchange of the heat exchanger decrease rapidly and tend to be stable after one month of operation. In the whole operation cycle,the unit time decline of the outlet temperature of the buried pipe becomes smaller and smaller,and the relationship between the change of the outlet temperature and time decreases in the form of a power function with a slow speed. With the increase of thermal conductivity of cementing cement,the heat exchange first increases,and tends to be stable when the thermal conductivity of cementing cement is greater than that of rock and soil. The thermal conductivity of the inner tube increases,the thermal short circuit is serious,and the outlet water temperature and heat exchange of the heat exchanger decrease. When the heat pump unit 24 hours on and off time(start-stop ratio)is 16 h∶8 h,12 h∶12 h,8 h∶16 h,respectively,the heat exchanger outlet temperature and heat transfer are irregular,but the overall trend is gradually reduced. The longer the heat pump stops running,the better the temperature recovery of rock and soil body on the source side,and the greater the water outlet temperature and heat transfer when it is turned on again. Through the numerical model,the variation law of influence factors of casing heat exchanger can be obtained.
·