马 艺,段华波,李强峰,等.基于生命周期分析的风电场GHGs减排效益[J].深圳大学学报理工版,2020,37(6):653-660.[doi:10.3724/SP.J.1249.2020.06653]
MA Yi,DUAN Huabo,LI Qiangfeng,et al.Benefits of GHGs emission reduction of wind farm based on life cycle assessment[J].Journal of Shenzhen University Science and Engineering,2020,37(6):653-660.[doi:10.3724/SP.J.1249.2020.06653]
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基于生命周期分析的风电场GHGs减排效益
马 艺1,段华波1,2,李强峰1, 谢明辉3

1)深圳大学滨海城市韧性基础设施教育部重点实验室,深圳大学土木与交通工程学院,广东深圳 518060; 2)深圳大学 未来地下城市研究院,广东深圳 518060; 3)中国环境科学研究院国家环境保护生态工业重点实验室,北京 100012

环境工程; 可再生能源; 风力发电; 陆上风电场; 生命周期评价; 温室气体; 二氧化碳当量; 碳排放因子; 建造阶段; 节能减排

Benefits of GHGs emission reduction of wind farm based on life cycle assessment
MA Yi1, DUAN Huabo1, 2, LI Qiangfeng1, and XIE Minghui3

1)Key Laboratory of Coastal Urban Resilient Infrastructures, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, P.R.China2)Underground Polis Academy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, P.R.China3)Key Laboratory of Eco-Industry of Ministry of Environmental Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, P.R.China

environment engineering; renewable energy; wind generation; onshore wind farm; life cycle assessment(LCA); greenhouse gases(GHGs); carbon dioxide equivalent; carbon emission factor; construction phase; energy-saving and emission reduction

DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1249.2020.06653

备注

风电设备生产及风电场建设产生的环境影响备受关注. 本研究以中国东南沿海城市某100 MW陆上风电场为例,基于生命周期评价方法,对其风机产品生产制造、运输、风电配套设施建设和运营维护等阶段的环境影响(以温室气体为归一化度量指标)进行了量化分析.研究结果表明,该风电场生命周期温室气体排放总量约为90 000 t(以CO2 当量计,排放强度为17.8 g/(kW·h)).其中,生产制造阶段占比最大(67.8%),其次为建设施工阶段(19.2%).与其他能源发电方式对比表明,风电温室气体排放强度明显高于水电(以CO2 当量计,约3.5 g/(kW·h)),但与光伏发电(以CO2 当量计,约50 g/(kW·h))、生物质(以CO2 当量计,约200 g/(kW·h))和火力(以CO2 当量计,约800 g/(kW·h))等能源方式相比,减排效益显著.

Wind power development is one of the main approaches and effective means to meet with the energy need. However, the negative environmental impacts by the production of wind power equipment and the construction phase of wind farm are also very pressing. In this paper, a 100 MW onshore wind farm in a coastal city in the Southeast China is taken as an example to quantify the environmental impacts measured by greenhouse gases emission, GHGs emission over its life cycle including the wind turbine production, transportation, wind farm facilities construction, operation and maintenance. The results show that the total GHGs emission of a 100 MW wind farm is approximately 90 000 tCO2 eq, and the emission intensity is about 17.8 gCO2 eq/(kW·h)), of which the emission during the stage of manufacturing accounts for the largest proportion(67.8%), followed by that during the construction stage(19.2%). Though the GHGs emission intensity of wind power is significantly higher than that of hydropower(about 3.5 gCO2 eq/(kW·h)), its GHGs emission reduction benefits are more significant over those of other power generation projects, such as photovoltaic power generation(about 50 gCO2 eq/(kW·h)), biomass(about 200 gCO2 eq/(kW·h))and thermal power(about 800 gCO2 eq/(kW·h)).

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