深圳大学学报理工版

绿色屋顶可滞留雨水削减径流,已被广泛应用于城市雨水管理.绿色屋顶雨水滞留效应会随降雨场次及月份降雨条件的变化而波动.基于中国深圳市洋竹草、太阳花、卧地延命草和佛甲草4种不同植被绿色屋顶18个月共58场降雨的连续水文监测和植物覆盖度监测,分析了绿色屋顶雨水滞留效应的波动规律及其影响因素,结果表明,绿色屋顶对场次降雨的雨水滞留量为0.4～37 mm,雨水滞留率为2%～100%; 绿色屋顶月雨水滞留量为13～148 mm,月雨水滞留率为29%～70%; 绿色屋顶全年总雨水滞留量为610～660 mm,雨水滞留率为44%～49%.雨水滞留率和雨水滞留量与降雨量分别呈显著负相关和正相关,二者都与雨前日间干旱时间呈显著正相关; 此外月均太阳辐射和植被类型及其覆盖度变化也对月份间雨水滞留效应有较大影响.不同植物由于其滞水能力、蒸散发能力和植被生理活性等的不同,在不同月份表现出不同的雨水滞留能力.研究结果可为绿色屋顶的性能评估和推广应用提供科学指导.

Green roof can reduce runoff by its rainwater retention ability and has been widely used in storm water management. The rainwater retention performance of green roof fluctuates with the variation of rainfall frequency and monthly rainfall conditions. In this study, we conduct a continuous monitoring of 58 rainfall events over 18 months on four different vegetation green roofs in Shenzhen, China. We analyze the variation of the rainwater retention effect of green roofs and the influencing factors. The results show that, the rainwater retention depth of green roof for single rainfall event is between 0.4 mm and 37 mm, the rainwater retention rate is in the range of 2% to 100%; the monthly rainwater retention depth is 13-148 mm and its retention rate is 29%-70%; the annual total rainwater retention depth of green roof is 610- 660 mm and the total retention rate is 44%- 49%. The rainwater retention rate and the retention amount are negatively and positively correlated with rainfall depth respectively, and both are significantly positively correlated with the antecedent dry period in daytime. In addition, monthly average solar radiation, vegetation types and change of plant coverage also have a great influence on the retention effect of rain water between months. Different plants show very different rainwater retention performance in different months due to their differences in evapotranspiration ability and physiological activity of vegetation. Our research can provide scientific guidance for the performance evaluation and application of green roofs.

引言
1 材料与方法
2 结果与分析
3 结论

图1 绿色屋顶实验平台<br/>Fig.1 (Color online)The platform for green roof experiment

图1 绿色屋顶实验平台
Fig.1 (Color online)The platform for green roof experiment

图2 绿色屋顶装置纵切结构示意图<br/>Fig.2 Structure of the green roof module

图2 绿色屋顶装置纵切结构示意图
Fig.2 Structure of the green roof module

图3 绿色屋顶植被层的4种不同植物<br/>Fig.3 (Color online)Four different plants on the green roof vegetation layer

图3 绿色屋顶植被层的4种不同植物
Fig.3 (Color online)Four different plants on the green roof vegetation layer

图4 不同植物绿色屋顶监测期内所有场次降雨的雨水滞留效应<br/>Fig.4 (Color online)The rainwater retention performance of all rainfall events during the monitoring period on different vegetation green roofs

图4 不同植物绿色屋顶监测期内所有场次降雨的雨水滞留效应
Fig.4 (Color online)The rainwater retention performance of all rainfall events during the monitoring period on different vegetation green roofs

表1 雨水滞留效应与降雨量及雨前日间干旱时间的相关分析<br/>Table 1 Correlation analysis between rainwater retention performance and rainfall and antecedent dry period in daytime

表1 雨水滞留效应与降雨量及雨前日间干旱时间的相关分析
Table 1 Correlation analysis between rainwater retention performance and rainfall and antecedent dry period in daytime

表2 不同植被绿色屋顶在监测期内所有产流降雨下的雨水滞留效应<br/>Table 2 The rainwater retention performance on different vegetation green roofs under all rainfall runoff during the monitoring period

表2 不同植被绿色屋顶在监测期内所有产流降雨下的雨水滞留效应
Table 2 The rainwater retention performance on different vegetation green roofs under all rainfall runoff during the monitoring period

图5 天气条件及绿色屋顶雨水滞留效应的月变化<br/>Fig.5 (Color online)Monthly variation of weather conditions and green roof rainwater retention performance

图5 天气条件及绿色屋顶雨水滞留效应的月变化
Fig.5 (Color online)Monthly variation of weather conditions and green roof rainwater retention performance

表3 绿色屋顶(以洋竹草屋顶为例)月雨水滞留效应与天气条件的相关性分析<br/>Table 3 Correlation analysis of green roof monthly rainwater retention performance and weather conditions

表3 绿色屋顶(以洋竹草屋顶为例)月雨水滞留效应与天气条件的相关性分析
Table 3 Correlation analysis of green roof monthly rainwater retention performance and weather conditions

图6 不同绿色屋顶植物覆盖度月变化<br/>Fig.6 (Color online)Monthly change of vegetation coverage on different green roofs

图6 不同绿色屋顶植物覆盖度月变化
Fig.6 (Color online)Monthly change of vegetation coverage on different green roofs

图7 不同植被绿色屋顶全年雨水滞留效应<br/>Fig.7 (Color online)Annual rainwater retention performance of different vegetation green roofs

图7 不同植被绿色屋顶全年雨水滞留效应
Fig.7 (Color online)Annual rainwater retention performance of different vegetation green roofs

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备注

引言

1 材料与方法

2 结果与分析

3 结论

期刊信息

备注

引言

1 材料与方法

2 结果与分析

3 结 论

期刊信息

3 结论