深圳大学学报理工版

随着机动车保有量不断增加,尾气污染问题日趋严重.为掌握中国深圳市交通排放所带来的路边空气污染状况,探索交通与空气污染之间的关系,设计了典型道路交通排放的路边监测实验,以研究空气污染中的交通排放规律和关键影响因素.实验监测了典型道路的交通流、气象数据和空气污染物质量浓度,通过对比监测点与空气质量监测国家控制点的数据,分析道路移动源对空气质量的影响:当交通流量较小时,路边监测点与空气质量监测国家控制点数据一致; 当交通流量(特别是货运量)大时,路边监测点的数据显著高于空气质量监测国家控制点的; 通过对NOx和CO的质量浓度与主要影响因素的关联分析,揭示了交通流量和气象对交通排放污染物质量浓度的影响,排放污染物质量浓度整体趋势与总交通量较为一致.结果表明,深圳市各区NOx和CO质量浓度主要受到机动车(尤其是货车)排放的影响,光照强度、风向和风速对污染物的排放扩散有明显作用.

With the increasing number of motor vehicles, exhaust pollution has become increasingly serious. In order to grasp the roadside air pollution caused by traffic emissions in Shenzhen City and explore the relationship between traffic and air pollution, we design a series of roadside monitoring experiments to study the law and key influencing factors of traffic emissions in air pollution. The experiments monitor the traffic flow, meteorological data, and air pollutant mass concentration of typical roads. By comparing the monitoring results with those of the national air quality control points, which reflects the impact of road moving sources on air quality, we find that when there is less traffic, the roadside monitoring results are consistent with those of the state control point; when the traffic flow(especially freight)is large, the roadside monitoring results are significantly higher than those of the state control station. Based on the correlation analysis of nitrogen oxide(NOx)mass concentration and carbon monoxide(CO)mass concentration with the main influencing factors, the effects of traffic flow and weather on the mass concentration and trend of pollutants emitted by traffic are revealed. The overall trend is more consistent with the total traffic volume. The results show that the mass concentration of NOx and CO in various districts of Shenzhen are mainly affected by the emissions of motor vehicles(especially trucks), and the light intensity, wind direction, and wind speed have a significant effect on the emission diffusion of pollutants.

引言
1 数据来源
2 数据监测概况
3 实验结果与分析
4 结论

图1 实验监测点和空气质量监测国家控制点分布<br/>Fig.1 Overall distribution map of experimental monitoring points and air quality control points

图1 实验监测点和空气质量监测国家控制点分布
Fig.1 Overall distribution map of experimental monitoring points and air quality control points

表1 深圳市实验监测点与空气质量监测国家控制点主要污染物质量浓度的日均值<br/>Table 1 Daily average value of major pollutants concentration in Shenzhen experimental monitoring points and air quality control points

表1 深圳市实验监测点与空气质量监测国家控制点主要污染物质量浓度的日均值
Table 1 Daily average value of major pollutants concentration in Shenzhen experimental monitoring points and air quality control points

图2 深圳市实验监测点与空气质量监测国家控制点主要污染物小时变化<br/>Fig.2 Hourly variation of main pollutants in Shenzhen experimental monitoring points and air quality control points

图2 深圳市实验监测点与空气质量监测国家控制点主要污染物小时变化
Fig.2 Hourly variation of main pollutants in Shenzhen experimental monitoring points and air quality control points

图3 深圳市实验监测点ρ(NOx)、ρ(O3)与主要影响因素关联分析<br/>Fig.3 Correlation analysis of ρ(NOx)、ρ(O3)and main influencing factors at experimental monitoring points of Shenzhen

图3 深圳市实验监测点ρ(NOx)、ρ(O3)与主要影响因素关联分析
Fig.3 Correlation analysis of ρ(NOx)、ρ(O3)and main influencing factors at experimental monitoring points of Shenzhen

图4 深圳市实验监测点ρ(CO)与主要影响因素关联分析图<br/>Fig.4 Correlation analysis of ρ(CO)and main influencing factors at experimental monitoring points of Shenzhen

图4 深圳市实验监测点ρ(CO)与主要影响因素关联分析图
Fig.4 Correlation analysis of ρ(CO)and main influencing factors at experimental monitoring points of Shenzhen

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引言

1 数据来源

2 数据监测概况

3 实验结果与分析

4 结论

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